{"id":3272,"date":"2026-01-14T11:08:06","date_gmt":"2026-01-14T10:08:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/cro-services\/neurologie-cns\/in-vitro-models\/"},"modified":"2026-04-29T12:09:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-29T10:09:11","slug":"in-vitro-models","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/cro-services\/neurology-cns\/in-vitro-models\/","title":{"rendered":"In vitro models"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group no_padding_mobile is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\r\n<section id=\"header-modeles-block_d470a5e4e97210ed8a6c1517209d6879\" class=\"header-modeles alignfull\">\r\n  <div class=\"header-modeles__inner\">\r\n\r\n    <div class=\"header-modeles__container\">\r\n\r\n      <div class=\"header-modeles__top\">\r\n                  <div class=\"header-modeles__title\">\r\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/etap-lab-brainxplore-full-color-rgb-900px-w-72ppi.png\" alt=\"Neurology &amp; CNS\" \/>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        \r\n                  <a class=\"header-modeles__back\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/cro-services\/neurology-cns\/\">\r\n            <span class=\"header-modeles__back-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2190<\/span>\r\n            <span class=\"header-modeles__back-label\">Neurology &amp; CNS<\/span>\r\n          <\/a>\r\n              <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <div class=\"header-modeles__bottom\">\r\n\r\n        <div class=\"header-modeles__tabs\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Navigation mod\u00e8les\">\r\n\r\n                      <a\r\n              class=\"header-modeles__tab is-active\"\r\n              href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/cro-services\/neurology-cns\/in-vitro-models\/\"\r\n              role=\"tab\"\r\n              aria-selected=\"true\"\r\n            >\r\n              In vitro models            <\/a>\r\n          \r\n                      <a\r\n              class=\"header-modeles__tab \"\r\n              href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/cro-services\/neurology-cns\/in-vivo-models\/\"\r\n              role=\"tab\"\r\n              aria-selected=\"false\"\r\n            >\r\n              In vivo models            <\/a>\r\n          \r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <div class=\"header-modeles__breadcrumb\">\r\n          <nav class=\"breadcrumb\" aria-label=\"Fil d&#039;Ariane\"><span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/\">Home<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/nav>        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-6ea5bcae wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\r\n<nav id=\"menu-modeles-block_8fff64949841f15d9404c4fc182ff4cd\" class=\"menu-modeles\" aria-label=\"Menu mod\u00e8les\">\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"menu-modeles__inner\">\r\n\r\n    <div class=\"menu-modeles__head\">\r\n      <h2 class=\"menu-modeles__title\">\r\n        <span class=\"menu-modeles__title-prefix\">Pharmacology<\/span>\r\n        <span class=\"menu-modeles__title-suffix\"><em class=\"menu-modeles__title-em\">In vitro<\/em> models<\/span>\r\n      <\/h2>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <div class=\"menu-modeles__body\">\r\n\r\n              <div class=\"menu-modeles__groups\">\r\n\r\n          \r\n            <details class=\"menu-modeles__group\">\r\n              <summary class=\"menu-modeles__group-summary\">\r\n                <span class=\"menu-modeles__group-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2191<\/span>\r\n                <span class=\"menu-modeles__group-title\">Aggregation and neutralization assays<\/span>\r\n              <\/summary>\r\n\r\n              <div class=\"menu-modeles__group-panel\">\r\n                <div class=\"menu-modeles__group-panel-inner\">\r\n                  <ul class=\"menu-modeles__items\">\r\n\r\n                                                                  <li class=\"menu-modeles__item\">\r\n                          <a class=\"menu-modeles__link\" href=\"#subcat-156\">\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-label\">Aggregation assays<\/span>\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span>\r\n                          <\/a>\r\n                        <\/li>\r\n                                              <li class=\"menu-modeles__item\">\r\n                          <a class=\"menu-modeles__link\" href=\"#subcat-157\">\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-label\">Detection and recognition of oligomers<\/span>\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span>\r\n                          <\/a>\r\n                        <\/li>\r\n                                          \r\n                  <\/ul>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              <\/div>\r\n            <\/details>\r\n\r\n          \r\n            <details class=\"menu-modeles__group\">\r\n              <summary class=\"menu-modeles__group-summary\">\r\n                <span class=\"menu-modeles__group-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2191<\/span>\r\n                <span class=\"menu-modeles__group-title\">Primary and Human (hiPSC-derived) cells<\/span>\r\n              <\/summary>\r\n\r\n              <div class=\"menu-modeles__group-panel\">\r\n                <div class=\"menu-modeles__group-panel-inner\">\r\n                  <ul class=\"menu-modeles__items\">\r\n\r\n                                                                  <li class=\"menu-modeles__item\">\r\n                          <a class=\"menu-modeles__link\" href=\"#subcat-158\">\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-label\">Alzheimer\u2019s disease<\/span>\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span>\r\n                          <\/a>\r\n                        <\/li>\r\n                                              <li class=\"menu-modeles__item\">\r\n                          <a class=\"menu-modeles__link\" href=\"#subcat-159\">\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-label\">Parkinson\u2019s disease<\/span>\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span>\r\n                          <\/a>\r\n                        <\/li>\r\n                                              <li class=\"menu-modeles__item\">\r\n                          <a class=\"menu-modeles__link\" href=\"#subcat-160\">\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-label\">Neuroplasticity models<\/span>\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span>\r\n                          <\/a>\r\n                        <\/li>\r\n                                              <li class=\"menu-modeles__item\">\r\n                          <a class=\"menu-modeles__link\" href=\"#subcat-161\">\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-label\">Neuroinflammation models<\/span>\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span>\r\n                          <\/a>\r\n                        <\/li>\r\n                                              <li class=\"menu-modeles__item\">\r\n                          <a class=\"menu-modeles__link\" href=\"#subcat-162\">\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-label\">Stroke models<\/span>\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span>\r\n                          <\/a>\r\n                        <\/li>\r\n                                          \r\n                  <\/ul>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              <\/div>\r\n            <\/details>\r\n\r\n          \r\n            <details class=\"menu-modeles__group\">\r\n              <summary class=\"menu-modeles__group-summary\">\r\n                <span class=\"menu-modeles__group-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2191<\/span>\r\n                <span class=\"menu-modeles__group-title\">Brain-on-chip &#8211; NAMs<\/span>\r\n              <\/summary>\r\n\r\n              <div class=\"menu-modeles__group-panel\">\r\n                <div class=\"menu-modeles__group-panel-inner\">\r\n                  <ul class=\"menu-modeles__items\">\r\n\r\n                                                                  <li class=\"menu-modeles__item\">\r\n                          <a class=\"menu-modeles__link\" href=\"#subcat-201\">\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-label\">Neuroplasticity<\/span>\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span>\r\n                          <\/a>\r\n                        <\/li>\r\n                                              <li class=\"menu-modeles__item\">\r\n                          <a class=\"menu-modeles__link\" href=\"#subcat-197\">\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-label\">Excitotoxicity<\/span>\r\n                            <span class=\"menu-modeles__link-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2192<\/span>\r\n                          <\/a>\r\n                        <\/li>\r\n                                          \r\n                  <\/ul>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              <\/div>\r\n            <\/details>\r\n\r\n          \r\n        <\/div>\r\n      \r\n      <div class=\"menu-modeles__footer\">\r\n        <a class=\"menu-modeles__plateformes\" href=\"#nos-plateformes\">\r\n          Our platforms        <\/a>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column no_padding_mobile is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);flex-basis:75%\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\"><em>in vitro<\/em> pharmacology models in Neurology &amp; the CNS<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/bxp-vitro-header-vf-1024x200.jpg\" alt=\"in vitro neurology result in banner format\" class=\"wp-image-37837\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/bxp-vitro-header-vf-1024x200.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/bxp-vitro-header-vf-300x59.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/bxp-vitro-header-vf-768x150.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/bxp-vitro-header-vf.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-l-font-size\">Accelerate the development of your Central Nervous System (CNS) therapies with our <em>in vitro<\/em> pharmacology models. From hit-to-lead steps to lead characterization in complex cellular systems, our platforms enable you to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-m-font-size\">-&gt; Screen and identify neuroprotective, antiaggregating, and thrombolytic candidate compounds; <br>-&gt; Analyze their mechanisms of action on specific targets, including proteinopathies, neuronal populations, and glial cells; <br>-&gt; Enhance clinical translatability through the use of brain-on-chip (NAMs) technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-primary\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\">Contact an expert<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-secondary\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/cro-services\/neurologie-cns\/in-vivo-models\/\"><strong>Discover our in vivo models<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\r\n<section id=\"liste-modeles-block_463415e4ef36b1f344776f10359259fd\" class=\"liste-modeles\">\r\n  <div class=\"liste-modeles__inner\">\r\n\r\n    \r\n      \r\n        <article class=\"liste-modeles__section\">\r\n\r\n          <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-head\">\r\n            <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-headtop\">\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-badge\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                  <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"liste-modeles__section-badge-img\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Plateforme_Analyses-bio_Immunodosage_Photo-3_Spectra-1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              \r\n              <h2 id=\"cat-153\" class=\"liste-modeles__section-title\">\r\n                Aggregation and neutralization assays              <\/h2>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-desc\"><p>The <strong>use of our human oligomers<\/strong> provides the opportunity to assess the ability of your candidates to modulate their aggregation kinetics or to specifically interfere with these protein sub\u2011species. \u00a0This approach helps you select your compounds with the highest translational potential. Our platform enables you to directly evaluate your candidates on these key pathological targets involved in proteinopathies.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n                      <\/div>\r\n\r\n          <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-body\">\r\n\r\n            \r\n              \r\n                <h3 id=\"subcat-156\" class=\"liste-modeles__sub-title\">\r\n                  Aggregation assays                <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-desc\"><p>Proteinopathies are characterized by the abnormal accumulation of misfolded proteins that assemble into neurotoxic oligomers. Assess the antiaggregating potential of your candidate compounds in a cell-free assay targeting these oligomeric species. This fluorescence-based protocol (ANS and Thioflavin T) monitors aggregation kinetics and the formation of pathogenic oligomeric species using spectrofluorimetry.<\/p>\n<p>The following preparations available for these assays: amyloid \u03b2(1-42), Tau, \u03b1-synuclein.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n                \r\n                <div class=\"liste-modeles__accordions\">\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3349\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc no-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Aggregation of human-amyloid \u03b2(1-42)<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid is-full\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Target the aggregation of human\u2011amyloid \u03b2(1-42), a key pathological driver in Alzheimer\u2019s disease, using our oligomers produced from synthetic, nonrecombinant, endotoxin-free amyloid-\u03b2 peptide.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3350\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc no-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Aggregation of human Tau<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid is-full\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Target the aggregation of the Tau protein, a key pathological driver in tauopathies, using our oligomers produced from recombinant human Tau protein (2N4R isoform) with a controlled endotoxin level (&lt;1\u202f EU\/mL).<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3351\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc no-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Aggregation of human \u03b1-synuclein<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid is-full\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Target the aggregation of \u03b1-synuclein, a key pathological driver in Parkinson\u2019s disease and Lewy body disorders, using our oligomers produced from recombinant human \u03b1-synuclein with a controlled endotoxin level (&lt;1\u202f EU\/mL).<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                <h3 id=\"subcat-157\" class=\"liste-modeles__sub-title\">\r\n                  Detection and recognition of oligomers                <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-desc\"><p>Proteinopathies are characterized by the abnormal accumulation of misfolded proteins that assemble into neurotoxic oligomers. Evaluate the neutralization potential of your candidate compounds in a cell-free assay targeting these oligomeric species. This immunoassay-based (Dot-blot) protocol characterizes the recognition of oligomeric aggregates by your candidates and offers a comprehensive assessment of their efficacy and mechanism of action.<\/p>\n<p>The following preparations available for these assays: amyloid \u03b2(1-42), Tau, \u03b1-synuclein.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n                \r\n                <div class=\"liste-modeles__accordions\">\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3511\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc no-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Human amyloid-\u03b2(1-42)<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid is-full\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Target the neutralization of amyloid-\u03b2(1-42), a key pathological driver in Alzheimer\u2019s disease, using our oligomers produced from synthetic, nonrecombinant, endotoxin-free amyloid-\u03b2 peptide.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3512\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc no-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Human Tau<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid is-full\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Target the neutralization of the Tau protein, a key pathological driver in tauopathies, using our oligomers produced from recombinant human Tau protein (2N4R isoform) with a controlled endotoxin level (&lt;1 \u202fEU\/mL).<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3513\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc no-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Human \u03b1-synuclein<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid is-full\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Target the neutralization of \u03b1-synuclein, a key pathological driver in Parkinson\u2019s disease and Lewy body disorders, using our oligomers produced from recombinant human \u03b1-synuclein with a controlled endotoxin level (&lt;1\u202f EU\/mL).<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n            \r\n          <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <\/article>\r\n      \r\n        <article class=\"liste-modeles__section\">\r\n\r\n          <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-head\">\r\n            <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-headtop\">\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-badge\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                  <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"liste-modeles__section-badge-img\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-Section2-Neurones-Glutatamatergiques-derives-hiPSC-Marquage-MAP2-et-DAPI.jpg\" alt=\"in vitro Neurons-Glutatamatergic-hiPSC-MAP2-et-DAPI\">\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              \r\n              <h2 id=\"cat-154\" class=\"liste-modeles__section-title\">\r\n                Primary and Human (hiPSC-derived) cells              <\/h2>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-desc\"><p>Validate and optimize your leads with our high-content screening (High Content Imaging) platforms. Leverage our rodent primary cell models or human neuronal and glial cell models (hiPSCs), together with multiparametric analyses, to support candidate selection and guide informed progression toward advanced preclinical development. <\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n                      <\/div>\r\n\r\n          <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-body\">\r\n\r\n            \r\n              \r\n                <h3 id=\"subcat-158\" class=\"liste-modeles__sub-title\">\r\n                  Alzheimer\u2019s disease                <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                \r\n                <div class=\"liste-modeles__accordions\">\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3352\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc no-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Human-amyloid \u03b2(1-42) oligomers-induced cytotoxicity<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid is-full\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>The efficacy of your candidates is rapidly assessed using this cellular model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. This primary screening assay is based on the exposure of rodent primary cortical neurons to soluble human\u2011amyloid \u03b2(1-42)oligomers. Neuronal viability is quantified using a metabolic activity assay, generating the data required to identify, optimize, and prioritize lead candidates for subsequent advanced mechanistic studies.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3354\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc no-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Human Tau oligomers-induced cytotoxicity<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid is-full\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>The efficacy of your candidates is rapidly assessed using this cellular model of tauopathies. This primary screening assay is based on the exposure of rodent primary cortical neurons to soluble human Tauoligomers. Neuronal viability is quantified using a metabolic activity assay, generating the data required to identify, optimize, and prioritize lead candidates for subsequent advanced mechanistic studies.<a id=\"_msocom_1\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3355\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Human amyloid \u03b2(1-42) oligomers-induced neurodegeneration<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Beyond neuronal viability, this model\u2014 based on rodent primary cortical neurons \u2014 recapitulates the neurotoxic cascade of Alzheimer\u2019s disease induced by soluble human amyloid \u03b2(1-42) oligomers and quantifies early synaptic degeneration, progressive neurite loss, and final neuronal death. Multiparametric analysis generates the data required to elucidate the mechanism of action and the disease-modifying potential of your candidates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a id=\"_msocom_1\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1003\" height=\"609\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.1.3-Neurones-primaires-MarquageMAP2BassoonPSD95DAPI-ModeleNeurodegAB.jpg\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"in vitro-Neurons-MAP2+Bassoon+PSD95+DAPI-Neurodegeneration model AB\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.1.3-Neurones-primaires-MarquageMAP2BassoonPSD95DAPI-ModeleNeurodegAB.jpg 1003w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.1.3-Neurones-primaires-MarquageMAP2BassoonPSD95DAPI-ModeleNeurodegAB-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.1.3-Neurones-primaires-MarquageMAP2BassoonPSD95DAPI-ModeleNeurodegAB-768x466.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1003px) 100vw, 1003px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3357\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Neuroinflammation<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Neuroinflammation is a pathological mechanism common to several neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. Our human iPSC\u2011derived astrocyte model enables the evaluation of the anti\u2011inflammatory properties of your candidates. The pathological neuroinflammatory state is induced either by applying a cocktail of pro\u2011inflammatory cytokines (TNF\u2011\u03b1, IL\u20111\u03b2) or by exposing the cells to pathological oligomers. Multiparametric analysis quantifies the modulation of astrogliosis and identifies the candidates capable of restoring a physiological glial environment \u2014 a promising strategy for the development of therapies targeting neurodegenerative diseases and CNS pathologies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1009\" height=\"1009\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Astrocytes-Neuroinflammation.jpg\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"in vitro-Astrocytes-hiPSC-GFAP-and-DAPI-neuroinflammation-Alzheimer model\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Astrocytes-Neuroinflammation.jpg 1009w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Astrocytes-Neuroinflammation-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Astrocytes-Neuroinflammation-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Astrocytes-Neuroinflammation-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1009px) 100vw, 1009px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3508\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Glutamate-induced toxicity : 2D culture<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Our 2D excitotoxicity model provides a rapid and reliable platform to screen neuroprotective compounds in primary rodent neuronal cultures exposed to glutamate overload, with MK801 as a reference compound.<\/p>\n\n<p>Our high\u2011content imaging platform supports <strong>medium\u2011throughput<\/strong> screening of glutamate\u2011induced effects at both acute excitotoxic concentrations and sub-toxic levels that reduce synaptic density or disrupt neuritic network organisation. <\/p>\n\n<p>Excitotoxicity is a key pathophysiological mechanism within the ischemic cascade following stroke. It emerges within minutes to hours of stroke onset and persists throughout post\u2011ischemic phases (inflammation, synaptic remodelling, and epileptogenic hyperexcitability).<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Vehicle-MAP2-1024x1024.jpg\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"result of toxicity induced by glutamate on 2D in vitro culture\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Vehicle-MAP2-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Vehicle-MAP2-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Vehicle-MAP2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Vehicle-MAP2-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Vehicle-MAP2.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3509\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Glutamate-induced toxicity: organ-on-chip<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Excitotoxicity is a key pathophysiological mechanism involved in numerous neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases.<\/p>\n\n<p>Our brain-on-chip model is designed to reproduce excitotoxicity by delivering glutamate specifically into a synaptic chamber located at the interface between two spatially separated neuronal populations (i.e., each cultured in its own independent microphysiological environment). Our microfluidic platform, combined with high-content imaging, enables <strong>medium-throughput <\/strong>screening of the effects of your candidate compounds on the isolated synapse, located at a physically distance from the soma and exposed to excessive glutamate. <\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u00b5fluidique.png\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\u00b5fluidique\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u00b5fluidique.png 540w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u00b5fluidique-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u00b5fluidique-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3510\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc no-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Glutamate uptake by astrocytes<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid is-full\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Astrocytes play a key role in maintaining synaptic homeostasis and preventing excitotoxicity by clearing excess extracellular glutamate. This protective mechanism becomes impaired in reactive astrocytes during neuroinflammatory conditions, particularly in neurodegenerative diseases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our astrogliosis model enables the screening of your candidate compounds targeting glutamate uptake in human iPSC-derived astrocytes activated with a cytokine cocktail. Activation of the NF\u03baB pathway is also available as a standard readout through our high-content imaging platform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                <h3 id=\"subcat-159\" class=\"liste-modeles__sub-title\">\r\n                  Parkinson\u2019s disease                <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                \r\n                <div class=\"liste-modeles__accordions\">\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3360\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc no-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Human \u03b1-synuclein oligomers-induced cytotoxicity<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid is-full\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>The efficacy of your candidates is rapidly assessed using this cellular model of Parkinson\u2019s disease and Lewy body disorders. This primary screening assay is based on the exposure of rodent primary cortical neurons to soluble human \u03b1-synuclein oligomers. Neuronal viability is quantified using a metabolic activity assay, generating the data required to identify, optimize, and prioritize lead candidates for subsequent advanced mechanistic studies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a id=\"_msocom_1\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"#\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3361\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Human \u03b1-synuclein oligomers-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Our model, based on rodent primary mesencephalic neurons enriched in dopaminergic neurons and exposed to human \u03b1-synuclein oligomers, specifically evaluates the progressive degeneration of this key neuronal population. The multiparametric analysis provides the data required to reveal the disease-modifying potential of your candidates in synucleinopathies.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"984\" height=\"984\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.2.2-Neurones-primaires-dopaminergiques-Marquage-DAPI-et-TH-Modele-Neurodeg-dopaminergique-\u03b1-synucleine.jpg\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"in vitro-dopaminergic neurons-DAPI-TH-Neurodegeneration model- \u03b1-synuclein\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.2.2-Neurones-primaires-dopaminergiques-Marquage-DAPI-et-TH-Modele-Neurodeg-dopaminergique-\u03b1-synucleine.jpg 984w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.2.2-Neurones-primaires-dopaminergiques-Marquage-DAPI-et-TH-Modele-Neurodeg-dopaminergique-\u03b1-synucleine-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.2.2-Neurones-primaires-dopaminergiques-Marquage-DAPI-et-TH-Modele-Neurodeg-dopaminergique-\u03b1-synucleine-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.2.2-Neurones-primaires-dopaminergiques-Marquage-DAPI-et-TH-Modele-Neurodeg-dopaminergique-\u03b1-synucleine-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 984px) 100vw, 984px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3363\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Our model, which uses rodent primary mesencephalic neurons exposed to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), specifically targets dopaminergic neurons and mimics toxic oxidative stress. This assay enables the evaluation of the neuroprotective properties of your candidates to counteract this key mechanism of Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"987\" height=\"987\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.2.3-Neurones-primaires-dopaminergiques-Marquage-DAPI-et-TH-Modele-Neurodeg-dopaminergique-6-OHDA.jpg\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"in vitro-dopaminergic neuron-DAPI-et-TH-Neurodegeneration model-6-OHDA\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.2.3-Neurones-primaires-dopaminergiques-Marquage-DAPI-et-TH-Modele-Neurodeg-dopaminergique-6-OHDA.jpg 987w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.2.3-Neurones-primaires-dopaminergiques-Marquage-DAPI-et-TH-Modele-Neurodeg-dopaminergique-6-OHDA-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.2.3-Neurones-primaires-dopaminergiques-Marquage-DAPI-et-TH-Modele-Neurodeg-dopaminergique-6-OHDA-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/bxp-vitro-2.2.3-Neurones-primaires-dopaminergiques-Marquage-DAPI-et-TH-Modele-Neurodeg-dopaminergique-6-OHDA-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 987px) 100vw, 987px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                <h3 id=\"subcat-160\" class=\"liste-modeles__sub-title\">\r\n                  Neuroplasticity models                <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                \r\n                <div class=\"liste-modeles__accordions\">\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3368\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Synaptogenesis and neuritogenesis<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Our model directly evaluates synaptogenesis (formation of new synapses) and neuritogenesis (growth and branching of neurites) in rodent primary cortical neurons. By targeting these fundamental mechanisms of plasticity, identify promising candidates capable of promoting the regeneration of neuronal circuits, counteracting the synaptic disconnection and neuronal loss characteristic of neurodegenerative disorders.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1009\" height=\"1009\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Neurones-Gluta.jpg\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"in vitro result of glutamate model on neurons\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Neurones-Gluta.jpg 1009w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Neurones-Gluta-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Neurones-Gluta-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Neurones-Gluta-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1009px) 100vw, 1009px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3370\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Synaptic plasticity in Brain-on-Chip models<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Our brain-on-chip model specifically targets the synaptic compartment to directly quantify synaptogenesis (formation of new synapses) and neuritogenesis (growth and branching of neurites) in rodent primary cortical neurons. By focusing on these fundamental mechanisms of plasticity, identify promising candidates capable of promoting the regeneration of neuronal circuits, counteracting the synaptic disconnection and neuronal loss characteristic of neurodegenerative disorders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/company\/rd-programs\/#BIO-DIAMOND\">Discover the BIO-DIAMOND program<\/a><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                     <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"509\" height=\"509\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/BXP-vitro-section3-cerveau-puce-1.jpg\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"in vitro brain on chip result\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/BXP-vitro-section3-cerveau-puce-1.jpg 509w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/BXP-vitro-section3-cerveau-puce-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/BXP-vitro-section3-cerveau-puce-1-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 509px) 100vw, 509px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                <h3 id=\"subcat-161\" class=\"liste-modeles__sub-title\">\r\n                  Neuroinflammation models                <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                \r\n                <div class=\"liste-modeles__accordions\">\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3372\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Alzheimer\u2019s disease<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Neuroinflammation is a pathological mechanism common to several neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. Our human iPSC\u2011derived astrocyte model enables the evaluation of the anti\u2011inflammatory properties of your candidates. The pathological neuroinflammatory state is induced by exposing the cells to pathological oligomers. Multiparametric analysis quantifies the modulation of astrogliosis and identifies the candidates capable of restoring a physiological glial environment \u2014 a promising strategy for the development of therapies targeting neurodegenerative diseases and CNS pathologies.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1009\" height=\"1009\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Astrocytes-Neuroinflammation.jpg\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"in vitro-Astrocytes-hiPSC-GFAP-and-DAPI-neuroinflammation-Alzheimer model\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Astrocytes-Neuroinflammation.jpg 1009w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Astrocytes-Neuroinflammation-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Astrocytes-Neuroinflammation-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Astrocytes-Neuroinflammation-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1009px) 100vw, 1009px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3373\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Cytokines<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Neuroinflammation is a pathological mechanism common to several neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. Our human iPSC\u2011derived astrocyte model enables the evaluation of the anti\u2011inflammatory properties of your candidates. The pathological neuroinflammatory state is induced either by applying a cocktail of pro\u2011inflammatory cytokines (TNF\u2011\u03b1, IL\u20111\u03b2). Multiparametric analysis quantifies the modulation of astrogliosis and identifies the candidates capable of restoring a physiological glial environment \u2014 a promising strategy for the development of therapies targeting neurodegenerative diseases and CNS pathologies.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Apoptosis-1024x1024.jpg\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"in vitro result of Apoptosis of neurons\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Apoptosis-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Apoptosis-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Apoptosis-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Apoptosis-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Apoptosis.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                <h3 id=\"subcat-162\" class=\"liste-modeles__sub-title\">\r\n                  Stroke models                <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-desc\"><p>Explore our <em>in vitro<\/em> stroke models for testing your drug candidates on human blood. Find all the details on our page dedicated to our preclinical services for neurovascular diseases.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/services-cro\/neurovasculaire-avc\/\">Visit our page dedicated to stroke: STROK@LLIANCE <\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n                \r\n                <div class=\"liste-modeles__accordions\">\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3517\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Glutamate-induced toxicity: 2D culture<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Our 2D excitotoxicity model provides a rapid and reliable platform to screen neuroprotective candidate compounds in rodent primary cortical neurons exposed to glutamate overload, with MK801 used as a reference compound.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our high\u2011content imaging platform supports medium\u2011throughput screening of glutamate\u2011induced effects at non\u2011cytotoxic concentrations that reduce synaptic density or alter the neuritic network.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Excitotoxicity is a key pathophysiological mechanism involved in numerous neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Vehicle-MAP2-1024x1024.jpg\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"result of toxicity induced by glutamate on 2D in vitro culture\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Vehicle-MAP2-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Vehicle-MAP2-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Vehicle-MAP2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Vehicle-MAP2-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Vehicle-MAP2.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3518\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Glutamate-induced toxicity: organ-on-chip<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Excitotoxicity is a key pathophysiological mechanism involved in numerous neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our brain-on-chip model is designed to reproduce excitotoxicity by delivering glutamate specifically into a synaptic chamber located at the interface between two spatially separated neuronal populations (i.e., each cultured in its own independent microphysiological environment).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our microfluidic platform, combined with high-content imaging, enables medium-throughput screening of the effects of your candidate compounds on the isolated synapse, located at a physically distance from the soma and exposed to excessive glutamate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u00b5fluidique.png\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\u00b5fluidique\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u00b5fluidique.png 540w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u00b5fluidique-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u00b5fluidique-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3516\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc no-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Glutamate uptake by astrocytes<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid is-full\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Astrocytes play a key role in maintaining synaptic homeostasis and preventing excitotoxicity by clearing excess extracellular glutamate. This protective mechanism becomes impaired in reactive astrocytes during neuroinflammatory conditions, particularly in neurodegenerative diseases.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Our<strong> astrogliosis model<\/strong> enables the screening of your candidate compounds targeting <strong>glutamate uptake<\/strong> in human <strong>iPSC-derived astrocytes<\/strong> activated with a cytokine cocktail. Activation of the <strong>NF\u03baB<\/strong> pathway is also available as a standard readout through our high-content imaging platform. <\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n            \r\n          <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <\/article>\r\n      \r\n        <article class=\"liste-modeles__section\">\r\n\r\n          <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-head\">\r\n            <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-headtop\">\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-badge\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                  <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"liste-modeles__section-badge-img\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/BXP-vitro-section3-cerveau-puce.jpg\" alt=\"in vitro brain on chip result\">\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              \r\n              <h2 id=\"cat-155\" class=\"liste-modeles__section-title\">\r\n                Brain-on-chip &#8211; NAMs              <\/h2>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-desc\"><p>Discover new methodological approaches (NAMs) for optimized research within a complex and integrated system thanks to our Organ-on-chip (OOC) technology. Our brain-on-chip (BoC)  platform reproduces neuronal architecture and cellular interactions through a compartmentalized microfluidic system. It is the ideal tool to confirm the potential of your candidate compounds by specifically targeting key mechanisms, enabling a predictive evaluation of their efficacy against neurodegeneration and the propagation of proteinopathies. <\/p>\n<p>Take your modeling capabilities to the next level for your most demanding projects. <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#\">Brain-On-chip Plateform <\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/entreprise\/projets-recherche-et-developpement\/\">Explore our BIO-DIAMOND program<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n                      <\/div>\r\n\r\n          <div class=\"liste-modeles__section-body\">\r\n\r\n            \r\n              \r\n                <h3 id=\"subcat-201\" class=\"liste-modeles__sub-title\">\r\n                  Neuroplasticity                <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                \r\n                <div class=\"liste-modeles__accordions\">\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3370\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Synaptic plasticity in Brain-on-Chip models<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Our brain-on-chip model specifically targets the synaptic compartment to directly quantify synaptogenesis (formation of new synapses) and neuritogenesis (growth and branching of neurites) in rodent primary cortical neurons. By focusing on these fundamental mechanisms of plasticity, identify promising candidates capable of promoting the regeneration of neuronal circuits, counteracting the synaptic disconnection and neuronal loss characteristic of neurodegenerative disorders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/company\/rd-programs\/#BIO-DIAMOND\">Discover the BIO-DIAMOND program<\/a><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                     <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"509\" height=\"509\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/BXP-vitro-section3-cerveau-puce-1.jpg\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"in vitro brain on chip result\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/BXP-vitro-section3-cerveau-puce-1.jpg 509w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/BXP-vitro-section3-cerveau-puce-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/BXP-vitro-section3-cerveau-puce-1-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 509px) 100vw, 509px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n                <h3 id=\"subcat-197\" class=\"liste-modeles__sub-title\">\r\n                  Excitotoxicity                <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                \r\n                <div class=\"liste-modeles__accordions\">\r\n                  \r\n                    <details id=\"modele-3509\"\r\n                             class=\"liste-modeles__acc has-media \"\r\n                             >\r\n\r\n                      <summary class=\"liste-modeles__acc-summary\" >\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2193<\/span>\r\n                        <span class=\"liste-modeles__acc-title\">Glutamate-induced toxicity: organ-on-chip<\/span>\r\n                      <\/summary>\r\n\r\n                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel\">\r\n                          <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-panel-inner\">\r\n                            <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-grid \">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-content\">\r\n                                <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-text\">\r\n                                  \n<p>Excitotoxicity is a key pathophysiological mechanism involved in numerous neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases.<\/p>\n\n<p>Our brain-on-chip model is designed to reproduce excitotoxicity by delivering glutamate specifically into a synaptic chamber located at the interface between two spatially separated neuronal populations (i.e., each cultured in its own independent microphysiological environment). Our microfluidic platform, combined with high-content imaging, enables <strong>medium-throughput <\/strong>screening of the effects of your candidate compounds on the isolated synapse, located at a physically distance from the soma and exposed to excessive glutamate. <\/p>\n                                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                \r\n                                                                  <div class=\"liste-modeles__btnwrap\">\r\n                                    <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/en\/contact\/\">\r\n                                      Get the data sheet                                    <\/a>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n                                                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n                                                              <div class=\"liste-modeles__acc-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                                  <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u00b5fluidique.png\" class=\"liste-modeles__acc-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\u00b5fluidique\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u00b5fluidique.png 540w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u00b5fluidique-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/\u00b5fluidique-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/>                                <\/div>\r\n                              \r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                          <\/div>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n                      \r\n                    <\/details>\r\n                                  <\/div>\r\n\r\n                              \r\n            \r\n          <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <\/article>\r\n      \r\n    \r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0\">\r\n<section id=\"nos-plateformes\" class=\"nos-plateformes alignfull is-theme-light\">\r\n\r\n  <!-- GRID -->\r\n      <div class=\"nos-plateformes__gridZone\">\r\n      <div class=\"nos-plateformes__container\">\r\n\r\n        <div class=\"np-grid\" role=\"list\" aria-label=\"Liste des plateformes\">\r\n\r\n          \r\n            <a class=\"np-item\" role=\"listitem\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/services-cro\/nos-plateformes\/#high-content-imaging\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"np-item__img\">\r\n                  <img\r\n                    src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Plateforme_Vitro_Pastille-High-Content-1024x683.jpg\"\r\n                    alt=\"high content imaging results neurology\"\r\n                    loading=\"lazy\"\r\n                    decoding=\"async\"\r\n                  >\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              \r\n              <div class=\"np-item__content\">\r\n                <h3 class=\"np-item__title\">High-Content Imaging<\/h3>\r\n\r\n                                  <div class=\"np-item__desc\">ETAP-LAB provides a wide range of morphological and functional readouts within complex cellular models through High-Content Imaging technologies. Using the Operetta CLS&trade; platform (Revvity), we automate medium&#8209;throughput fluorescence imaging and integrate AI&#8209;enhanced image&#8209;analysis pipelines to deliver rapid, high&#8209;accuracy quantification of large datasets. Entrust your screening and lead-optimization campaigns to an expert team.<\/div>\r\n                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n              <span class=\"np-item__arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"42\" height=\"42\" viewBox=\"0 0 42 42\" fill=\"none\">\r\n                  <g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_np_arrow)\">\r\n                    <path d=\"M32.897 8.58183L15.4112 8.90396L15.3839 10.3675L28.9215 10.1176C29.4568 10.1091 29.7131 10.7504 29.3282 11.1353L8.07416 32.3894L9.0895 33.4047L30.342 12.1522C30.7269 11.7673 31.3697 12.0221 31.3597 12.5589L31.1098 26.0965L32.5734 26.0692L32.8955 8.58336L32.897 8.58183Z\"\r\n                          fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\r\n                  <\/g>\r\n                  <defs>\r\n                    <clipPath id=\"clip0_np_arrow\">\r\n                      <rect width=\"34.3869\" height=\"24.2731\" fill=\"white\" transform=\"translate(0 24.3152) rotate(-45)\"\/>\r\n                    <\/clipPath>\r\n                  <\/defs>\r\n                <\/svg>\r\n              <\/span>\r\n\r\n            <\/a>\r\n\r\n          \r\n            <a class=\"np-item\" role=\"listitem\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/services-cro\/nos-plateformes\/#brain-on-chip-platform\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"np-item__img\">\r\n                  <img\r\n                    src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Plateforme_Vitro_High-Content_Photo-3_Quantif-1024x683.jpg\"\r\n                    alt=\"high content imaging of in vitro results\"\r\n                    loading=\"lazy\"\r\n                    decoding=\"async\"\r\n                  >\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              \r\n              <div class=\"np-item__content\">\r\n                <h3 class=\"np-item__title\">Brain\u2011on\u2011Chip platform<\/h3>\r\n\r\n                                  <div class=\"np-item__desc\">For several years, ETAP&#8209;LAB has been investing in R&amp;D programs aimed to engineer and scale-up brain&#8209;on&#8209;chip platforms, contributing to their routine adoption in preclinical CNS pharmacology. Built on compartmentalized microfluidic architectures, our brain&#8209;on&#8209;chip systems recreate the connectivity between spatially distinct neuronal populations maintained in different controlled microphysiological environments. This approach overcomes key limitations inherent to [&hellip;]<\/div>\r\n                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n              <span class=\"np-item__arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"42\" height=\"42\" viewBox=\"0 0 42 42\" fill=\"none\">\r\n                  <g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_np_arrow)\">\r\n                    <path d=\"M32.897 8.58183L15.4112 8.90396L15.3839 10.3675L28.9215 10.1176C29.4568 10.1091 29.7131 10.7504 29.3282 11.1353L8.07416 32.3894L9.0895 33.4047L30.342 12.1522C30.7269 11.7673 31.3697 12.0221 31.3597 12.5589L31.1098 26.0965L32.5734 26.0692L32.8955 8.58336L32.897 8.58183Z\"\r\n                          fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\r\n                  <\/g>\r\n                  <defs>\r\n                    <clipPath id=\"clip0_np_arrow\">\r\n                      <rect width=\"34.3869\" height=\"24.2731\" fill=\"white\" transform=\"translate(0 24.3152) rotate(-45)\"\/>\r\n                    <\/clipPath>\r\n                  <\/defs>\r\n                <\/svg>\r\n              <\/span>\r\n\r\n            <\/a>\r\n\r\n          \r\n            <a class=\"np-item\" role=\"listitem\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/services-cro\/nos-plateformes\/#small-and-large-animal-facilities\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"np-item__img\">\r\n                  <img\r\n                    src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ETL-EN-1-header-2-1024x683.jpg\"\r\n                    alt=\"red light animal room\"\r\n                    loading=\"lazy\"\r\n                    decoding=\"async\"\r\n                  >\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              \r\n              <div class=\"np-item__content\">\r\n                <h3 class=\"np-item__title\">Small and Large Animal Facilities<\/h3>\r\n\r\n                                  <div class=\"np-item__desc\">ETAP&#8209;LAB operates 1,000 m&sup2; of fully accredited facilities (A1\/A2 level), distributed across three sites with a total housing capacity of approximately 1,200 rodents. Our facilities are also authorized for Class 1 genetically modified mice and immunodeficient strains (NUDE and humanized). Each facility includes controlled&#8209;environment housing rooms, dedicated zootechnical areas, microsurgery platforms, and experimental rooms fully [&hellip;]<\/div>\r\n                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n              <span class=\"np-item__arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"42\" height=\"42\" viewBox=\"0 0 42 42\" fill=\"none\">\r\n                  <g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_np_arrow)\">\r\n                    <path d=\"M32.897 8.58183L15.4112 8.90396L15.3839 10.3675L28.9215 10.1176C29.4568 10.1091 29.7131 10.7504 29.3282 11.1353L8.07416 32.3894L9.0895 33.4047L30.342 12.1522C30.7269 11.7673 31.3697 12.0221 31.3597 12.5589L31.1098 26.0965L32.5734 26.0692L32.8955 8.58336L32.897 8.58183Z\"\r\n                          fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\r\n                  <\/g>\r\n                  <defs>\r\n                    <clipPath id=\"clip0_np_arrow\">\r\n                      <rect width=\"34.3869\" height=\"24.2731\" fill=\"white\" transform=\"translate(0 24.3152) rotate(-45)\"\/>\r\n                    <\/clipPath>\r\n                  <\/defs>\r\n                <\/svg>\r\n              <\/span>\r\n\r\n            <\/a>\r\n\r\n          \r\n            <a class=\"np-item\" role=\"listitem\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/services-cro\/nos-plateformes\/#preclinical-medical-imaging\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"np-item__img\">\r\n                  <img\r\n                    src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/photo-3-bis-CAEN.jpg\"\r\n                    alt=\"irm live on a screen\"\r\n                    loading=\"lazy\"\r\n                    decoding=\"async\"\r\n                  >\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              \r\n              <div class=\"np-item__content\">\r\n                <h3 class=\"np-item__title\">Preclinical Medical Imaging<\/h3>\r\n\r\n                                  <div class=\"np-item__desc\">Through our long&#8209;standing partnership with the CYCERON imaging platform in Caen, located directly next to our facilities, we have privileged access to state&#8209;of&#8209;the&#8209;art medical imaging tools within an internationally recognized infrastructure. ETAP&#8209;LAB teams &ndash; trained, autonomous, and experienced &ndash; routinely use the following systems: A 7T MRI for high&#8209;resolution anatomical and functional imaging in rodents, [&hellip;]<\/div>\r\n                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n              <span class=\"np-item__arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"42\" height=\"42\" viewBox=\"0 0 42 42\" fill=\"none\">\r\n                  <g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_np_arrow)\">\r\n                    <path d=\"M32.897 8.58183L15.4112 8.90396L15.3839 10.3675L28.9215 10.1176C29.4568 10.1091 29.7131 10.7504 29.3282 11.1353L8.07416 32.3894L9.0895 33.4047L30.342 12.1522C30.7269 11.7673 31.3697 12.0221 31.3597 12.5589L31.1098 26.0965L32.5734 26.0692L32.8955 8.58336L32.897 8.58183Z\"\r\n                          fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\r\n                  <\/g>\r\n                  <defs>\r\n                    <clipPath id=\"clip0_np_arrow\">\r\n                      <rect width=\"34.3869\" height=\"24.2731\" fill=\"white\" transform=\"translate(0 24.3152) rotate(-45)\"\/>\r\n                    <\/clipPath>\r\n                  <\/defs>\r\n                <\/svg>\r\n              <\/span>\r\n\r\n            <\/a>\r\n\r\n          \r\n            <a class=\"np-item\" role=\"listitem\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/services-cro\/nos-plateformes\/#immunohistochemistry-immunofluorescence-and-histology\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"np-item__img\">\r\n                  <img\r\n                    src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/galeriephoto-microscopie-violet-Laboratoire-1024x683.jpg\"\r\n                    alt=\"microscopy-violet-Laboratory\"\r\n                    loading=\"lazy\"\r\n                    decoding=\"async\"\r\n                  >\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              \r\n              <div class=\"np-item__content\">\r\n                <h3 class=\"np-item__title\">Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence, and Histology<\/h3>\r\n\r\n                                  <div class=\"np-item__desc\">Our fully integrated IHC, immunofluorescence, and histology platform manages the entire workflow &ndash; from tissue collection to data interpretation &ndash; ensuring coordination with our in vivo platform and preserving sample integrity throughout. This end-to-end know-how enables reduced turnaround times and reliable analyses across a panel of pre-validated biomarkers. We process frozen tissues, including cryo&#8209;embedding and [&hellip;]<\/div>\r\n                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n              <span class=\"np-item__arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"42\" height=\"42\" viewBox=\"0 0 42 42\" fill=\"none\">\r\n                  <g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_np_arrow)\">\r\n                    <path d=\"M32.897 8.58183L15.4112 8.90396L15.3839 10.3675L28.9215 10.1176C29.4568 10.1091 29.7131 10.7504 29.3282 11.1353L8.07416 32.3894L9.0895 33.4047L30.342 12.1522C30.7269 11.7673 31.3697 12.0221 31.3597 12.5589L31.1098 26.0965L32.5734 26.0692L32.8955 8.58336L32.897 8.58183Z\"\r\n                          fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\r\n                  <\/g>\r\n                  <defs>\r\n                    <clipPath id=\"clip0_np_arrow\">\r\n                      <rect width=\"34.3869\" height=\"24.2731\" fill=\"white\" transform=\"translate(0 24.3152) rotate(-45)\"\/>\r\n                    <\/clipPath>\r\n                  <\/defs>\r\n                <\/svg>\r\n              <\/span>\r\n\r\n            <\/a>\r\n\r\n          \r\n            <a class=\"np-item\" role=\"listitem\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/services-cro\/nos-plateformes\/#immunoassays\">\r\n\r\n                              <div class=\"np-item__img\">\r\n                  <img\r\n                    src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Plateforme_Analyses-bio_Pastille-Immunodosage_Plaque-coloree-1024x683.jpg\"\r\n                    alt=\"bioassay Colorimetric Immunoassay purple\"\r\n                    loading=\"lazy\"\r\n                    decoding=\"async\"\r\n                  >\r\n                <\/div>\r\n              \r\n              <div class=\"np-item__content\">\r\n                <h3 class=\"np-item__title\">Immunoassays<\/h3>\r\n\r\n                                  <div class=\"np-item__desc\">Our integrated immunoassay platform ensures a continuous workflow coordinated with our in vitro and in vivo platforms, enabling uncompromised sample integrity, shortening timelines, and delivering reliable analyses across a panel of prevalidated biomarkers. We routinely perform protein and enzymatic&#8209;activity quantification using standardized colorimetric, fluorescent, and luminescent detection methods accross multiple sample types, including tissues, biological [&hellip;]<\/div>\r\n                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n              <span class=\"np-item__arrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\r\n                <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"42\" height=\"42\" viewBox=\"0 0 42 42\" fill=\"none\">\r\n                  <g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_np_arrow)\">\r\n                    <path d=\"M32.897 8.58183L15.4112 8.90396L15.3839 10.3675L28.9215 10.1176C29.4568 10.1091 29.7131 10.7504 29.3282 11.1353L8.07416 32.3894L9.0895 33.4047L30.342 12.1522C30.7269 11.7673 31.3697 12.0221 31.3597 12.5589L31.1098 26.0965L32.5734 26.0692L32.8955 8.58336L32.897 8.58183Z\"\r\n                          fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\r\n                  <\/g>\r\n                  <defs>\r\n                    <clipPath id=\"clip0_np_arrow\">\r\n                      <rect width=\"34.3869\" height=\"24.2731\" fill=\"white\" transform=\"translate(0 24.3152) rotate(-45)\"\/>\r\n                    <\/clipPath>\r\n                  <\/defs>\r\n                <\/svg>\r\n              <\/span>\r\n\r\n            <\/a>\r\n\r\n          \r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  \r\n<\/section><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80)\">\r\n<section id=\"texte-image-block_f3189c05176bcb8f28726737429cf3a9\" class=\"texte-image alignfull is-theme-light is-image-right is-image-round\">\r\n  <div class=\"texte-image__grid\">\r\n\r\n    <div class=\"texte-image__container\">\r\n      <div class=\"texte-image__content\">\r\n\r\n        \r\n                  <h2 class=\"texte-image__title\">The effects of your molecules can be evaluated through complementary and multi-scale approaches.\n<\/h2>\r\n        \r\n        \r\n        \r\n                  <div class=\"texte-image__cta\">\r\n            <a class=\"btn_secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/contact\/\">Contact an expert<\/a>\r\n          <\/div>\r\n        \r\n        \r\n      <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n          <div class=\"texte-image__media\">\r\n        <div class=\"texte-image__media-frame\">\r\n          <img\r\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.etap-lab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/galeriephoto-microscopie-violet-Laboratoire.jpg\"\r\n            alt=\"In vitro models \u2013 galeriephoto microscopie violet laboratoire\"\r\n            loading=\"lazy\"\r\n            decoding=\"async\"\r\n          >\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      <\/div>\r\n    \r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/section><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>in vitro pharmacology models in Neurology &amp; the CNS Accelerate the development of your Central Nervous System (CNS) therapies with our in vitro pharmacology models. From hit-to-lead steps to lead characterization in complex cellular systems, our platforms enable you to: -&gt; Screen and identify neuroprotective, antiaggregating, and thrombolytic candidate compounds; -&gt; Analyze their mechanisms of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":3062,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3272","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>in vitro pharmacology models Neurology &amp; CNS - BRAINXPLORE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Accelerate the development of your drug candidates. 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